Replanting Considerations Peanut Notes No. 60 2020

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Unlike 2019, some areas of the state have received excessive rainfall in May, especially during the past week. The following should be considered relative to replanting:

  1. Five plants per foot of row is the density where we often obtain the greatest yields. But even at 3 plants per foot of row, plants compensate relatively well. If density is 2 plants per foot or less, getting more seed in the field as quickly as possible is advised. Of course, a challenge is deciding how consistent the stand is. In many cases when excessive rain is the culprit, stands will be erratic.
  2. If possible, dropping in with the planter, over just a little from the first planting drill, is the easiest and less disruptive way to get more plants. But with some rains the rows are likely completely washed away. In those cases, starting from scratch might be the best option. If you can drop in and plant without tillage, apply paraquat to control weeds that are just beginning to emerge. If you are saving the stand you already have, you must use the in-season paraquat rate. Try to spray as soon as you can before the weeds get big.
  3. If you need to till, keep in mind the following. If you just pull a bedder, one concern is where the herbicides you applied at planting initially will end up. While I have not seen it in peanuts, I have seen this operation put corn herbicides in the zone where corn is germinating and trying to emerge. Hot spots are created. If you feel like bedding is needed, then take the time to run a disk or field cultivator to distribute the soil and prevent a hot spot of herbicide from being in place due to bedding.
  4. Whether you drop in and plant or till and then plant, you will need to apply systemic insecticide again. Even though we are approaching the latter part of the planting window, thrips will still be an issue moving into June. With the cool spring, they may continue at higher numbers further into the spring and summer (see Rick’s article). If you used a relatively expensive in-furrow product (Velum Total or AgLogic), I would not go that route a second time. I would use a less expensive in-furrow product like phorate or imidacloprid. If you decide to leave off the in-furrow insecticide, be ready with an early application of acephate (within 3 weeks of planting) and maybe even a second spray to suppress thrips and protect yield.
  5. For roots to be infected with bacteria for nitrogen fixation, inoculant needs to go in the furrow with seed when replanting. This is a relatively inexpensive input but pays good dividends. Even in rotated fields, we see about a 5:1 return on investment. So it you have to reapply, you are down to about a 2-3:1 return. Still not bad. For new ground or long rotations, the return is even greater and the need is even greater. Inoculant is still the most important input in new ground fields even when replanting.
  6. Do not apply Valor or Strongarm a second time. You will need to be more vigilant with POST sprays. Consider applying a different herbicide for the second application (replanting PRE) than you did for the first application (if you used Dual Magnum PRE, switch to Outlook or Warrant PRE or apply Zidua or Anthem Flex early POST.)  My only reason for suggesting this is that we can run into hot spots, especially if we just re-bed.
  7. Deciding whether or not to replant is a hard decision. The added cost is stressful and the feeling of being behind is too. We are still within the planting window in NC for high yields. Based on 2018 and 2019, we likely will have had good yields with early to mid-June plantings (early June especially). If you have to replant and can do so this week or next, you are still positioned to realize the yield potential for that field.
  8. My impression is that seed is available for replanting, but I do not know that for sure. You also may not be able to grow the variety you really want to at this point. But our newer Virginia market types all do quite well.